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- **********************************************
- * Malate dehydrogenase active site signature *
- **********************************************
-
- Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) (MDH) [1,2] catalyzes the interconversion
- of malate to oxaloacetate utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system. The enzyme
- participates in the citric acid cycle and exists in all aerobics organisms.
-
- While prokaryotic organisms contains a single form of MDH, in eukaryotic cells
- there are two isozymes: one which is located in the mitochondrial matrix and
- the other in the cytoplasm. Fungi and plants also harbor a glyoxysomal form
- which functions in the glyoxylate pathway. In plants chloroplast there is an
- additional NADP-dependent form of MDH (EC 1.1.1.82) which is essential for
- both the universal C3 photosynthesis (Calvin) cycle and the more specialized
- C4 cycle.
-
- As a signature pattern for this enzyme we have chosen a region that includes
- two residues involved in the catalytic mechanism [3]: an aspartic acid which
- is involved in a proton relay mechanism, and an arginine which binds the
- substrate.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVM]-T-[TRKMN]-L-D-x(2)-R-[STA]-x(3)-[LIVMFY]
- [D and R are the active site residues]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for MDH from the archaebacteria Methanothermus fervidus [4], whose sequence
- is very distantly related (if at all !) to that of other MDH.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
- -Last update: October 1993 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] McAlister-Henn L.
- Trends Biochem. Sci. 13:178-181(1988).
- [ 2] Gietl C.
- Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1100:217-234(1992).
- [ 3] Birktoft J.J., Rhodes G., Banaszak L.J.
- Biochemistry 28:6065-6081(1989).
- [ 4] Honka E., Fabry S., Niermann T., Palm P., Hensel R.
- Eur. J. Biochem. 188:623-632(1990).
-